Mental health refers to our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and act. It also determines how we handle stress, relate to others, and make choices. Mental health is important at every stage of life, from childhood and adolescence through adulthood.
What is Mental Illness?
A mental illness is a condition that affects a person’s thinking, feeling, behavior or mood. These conditions deeply impact day-to-day living and may also affect the ability to relate to others. Some examples of mental illness include:
- Depression – Persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness
- Anxiety Disorders – Excessive fears or worries that are difficult to control
- Bipolar Disorder – Fluctuations between extreme high and low moods
- Schizophrenia – Distortion of thoughts and perceptions, hallucinations, delusions
- Eating Disorders – Extreme emotions, attitudes, and behaviors surrounding weight and food
- Addictive Behaviors – Dependence on substances like alcohol, drugs, food, or other things
Mental illness is common. Nearly 1 in 5 American adults live with a mental illness. Mental illness can begin at any age, from childhood through late adulthood, but most begin earlier in life. With appropriate support and treatment, most people can achieve relief from symptoms.
Causes and Risk Factors
Mental illness arises from a complex interaction of biological, psychological, social and environmental factors. Genetics and family history can increase risk. Trauma and abuse can also be major risk factors, especially when they occur in childhood. Substance abuse and medical conditions such as thyroid disorders can contribute to mental illness as well. Social and cultural factors like discrimination or isolation may also elevate risk.
Reducing Stigma
Stigma surrounding mental illness remains a significant barrier to people seeking help. Negative stereotypes and attitudes breed fear, mistrust and shame. This prevents many from reaching out for support. Speaking openly and honestly about mental health is one of the best ways to break down stigma. We should treat mental illness like any other disease and provide caring, non-judgmental support to those who need it. With greater awareness and compassion, we can create communities where all people feel valued, understood and able to thrive.
Treatment and Coping Strategies
For most mental illnesses, a combination of medication and therapy is optimal. Antidepressants, anti-anxiety medication, mood stabilizers and antipsychotics can help relieve symptoms for many. Evidence-based therapies like cognitive behavioral therapy and dialectical behavior therapy also teach important skills for managing mental health conditions. Beyond clinical treatment, maintaining overall health through diet, exercise, sleep and stress management helps many cope as well. Connecting with others, whether through formal support groups or simply talking with friends and family, fosters understanding. Having compassion for oneself and recognizing symptoms of distress early on can also prevent exacerbation of issues.
With a multifaceted approach, most people with mental illness can regain wellness, purpose and meaning in their lives. Mental health challenges do not define a person or their worth. Seeking help is always worthwhile, and recovery is absolutely possible.
Here are some resources for getting help with mental health problems:
- National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI): 1-800-950-NAMI (6264)
- MentalHealth.gov
- Crisis Text Line: Text HOME to 741741
- National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-TALK (8255)
